规划中的方向感

在整个布局中应保持基准点、地形和地理方位。

Cardinal, topographic and geographic orientation should be maintained throughout the layout.

流线应组织成网络,而不是树的形式。应该避免长死胡同和循环。死胡同不是街道。

Circulation should be organized in networks rather than in tree form. Long cul-de-sacs and loops should be avoided. A dead end is not a street. 

网络应该是连续的,有重复的链接;几何上应简单、规则、层次分明。在循环系统的特征上进行系统的区分,根据方向,将会理清整体的形象。如果在路径系统和可见的承重结构之间找到对应的分异,则可以更好地帮助游客改变方向,增强整体的形象。

Networks should be continuous with repeated links; they should be geometrically simple, regular and hierarchic. A systematic differentiation in the character of the circulation system, according to directions, will clarify the image of the whole. If, moreover, this differentiation finds its counterpart in the relationship between the path system and the visible load-bearing structure, the visitor should be better assisted in his changes of direction and the image of the whole will be reinforced.

十字路口可能是潜在的停车地点和有用的参考点,只要它们被强调为一个建筑事件。

Intersections could be potential places to stop and useful points of reference, provided they are emphasized as an architectural event.

重叠的水平网络之间应保持联系。应该避免由门和楼梯井引起的中断,因为它们会阻止对目的地的预期。楼梯属于所有的楼层。

link should be maintained between superimposed horizontal networks. Breaks caused by doors and stairwells should be avoided as they prevent anticipation of their destination. Staircases belong to all levels.

“盲”循环路线应限制在绝对最低限度;它们应该是最简单的几何图形;它们应该偏离并指向可靠的参考点,原则上是直线,避免黑暗的角落。

‘Blind’ circulation routes should be restricted to the absolute minimum; they should be of the greatest geometric simplicity; they should depart from and lead to reassuring points of reference, in principle in straight lines, avoiding dark corners.

从主要路线上,人们应能看到比重复个别单位更重要的连贯组合。此外,指出这些分组的目的或具体性质,就有可能在路线上引起变化。

From the main routes one should be able to see coherent groupings of more importance than a repetition of individual units. Indication of the purpose or specific character of these groupings would, moreover, make it possible to introduce variation along the route.

应便利提及出发地点和目的地。还可以设想提及一个本身与入口有关的中心。

Reference to points of departure and destination should be facilitated. Reference to a centre which is itself related to the entrance could also be envisaged.

大型公共机构必须有一个主入口,入口的门槛必须具有代表性,并在立面上清晰可见。尽可能远的入口,即使是停车场的入口,在人们进入建筑物之前也必须很容易地通向它。当建筑物有多个入口时,次要入口不应视为“紧急出口”;他们也可以扮演欢迎的角色。交通网络的系统必须从次要入口和主要入口一样明显。

A large public institution must have a main entrance, a threshold which is representative and which is clearly visible in the façade. As far as possible the entrances, even those from the car parks, must easily lead to it before one enters the building. When the building has several entrances, the secondary entrances are not to be treated as ’emergency exits’; they, too, have a welcoming role to play. The system of the circulation network must appear as obvious from the secondary entrance as from the main entrance.


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